A recent presentation by Gift Molokwane of the Department of Forestry, Fisheries, and the Environment (DFFE) provided a comprehensive overview of a report on the state of training for refrigeration and air conditioning (HVAC&R) technicians in South Africa. This is Part 3 of a four-part article.

Attendees at the Department of Forestry, Fisheries, and the Environment (DFFE) presentation. © RACA Journal
One of the key recommendations was the organisation of one-day workshops to raise awareness and address existing gaps in training. These workshops would focus on enhancing practical training and increasing the overall effectiveness of HVAC&R education. Additionally, the DFFE plans to facilitate the donation of split-unit air conditioning systems with natural refrigerants to TVET colleges. This initiative is still in the pipeline, and further steps will be taken once the details are finalised.
During the site visits, it was observed from photographic evidence that many institutions were still utilising outdated equipment, some of which had been donated years ago but were not effectively utilised due to a lack of training.
Following the presentation, there were comments from stakeholders expressing concern about the current state of public TVET colleges. The challenges faced by learners, including outdated curricula and inadequate practical training, were highlighted as significant issues. There was also a call for a review of the funding and support mechanisms for internships and learnerships, emphasising the need for renewed industry involvement and commitment.
A significant issue raised was the misalignment between the training provided by TVET colleges and the actual requirements of the industry. Many colleges were found to be offering theoretical courses rather than practical, hands-on training. This gap necessitates a reassessment of the curriculum to ensure it meets industry standards and prepares students for real-world applications.
Grant Laidlaw, owner of ACRA (Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Academy) was asked to give opinion, which he did as follows:
- Training requirements for lecturers: It was emphasised that lecturers need to have substantial experience in the HVAC&R field to effectively teach and train students. Short courses alone are insufficient; instead, experienced professionals should be recruited and trained as lecturers to ensure high-quality education.
- Transition between old and new qualifications: The QCTO had recently canceled many old qualifications, transitioning to new occupation-based qualifications. This shift has created a temporary void, with some training providers and learners caught between the old and new systems. Accreditation for legacy qualifications has been extended until December 2025 to address this gap.
- Curriculum updates: The new qualifications align with international standards and include the latest refrigerants and energy efficiency practices. However, the trade testing for these new qualifications is still being finalised, with full implementation expected in the coming months.
To address the challenges identified, he recommended the following steps:
- Increase focus on practical, hands-on training in HVAC&R programmes to better prepare students for real-world scenarios
- Ensure that the curriculum is up-to-date with industry standards and incorporates the latest technological advancements
- Recruit experienced professionals from the HVAC&R sector and provide them with the necessary training to become effective lecturers
- Foster stronger partnerships between public and private institutions to share resources, knowledge, and best practices
- Secure additional funding and resources to upgrade facilities and equipment, ensuring that institutions can provide high-quality training