Ozone in air
By Charles Nicolson
Like oxygen, ozone is a gas, small amounts of which are formed in the atmosphere by incoming solar UV radiations.
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Charles Nicolson
The effectiveness of UV
By Charles Nicolson
The term ‘ultraviolet’ refers to radiations beyond violet radiation in the radiation wavelength spectrum, starting where the visible section ends, continuing to the beginning of X-rays at wavelengths of around 100 nm.
Quantitative aspects in herd immunity
By Charles Nicolson
My previous article was a qualitative description of infections due to coronaviruses and described one of the methods used for creating herd immunity.
VIndexes developed from pH predict scaling and corrosion in water circuits
By Charles Nicolson
pH is the most widely-used measure of what has been described as the basic technical ‘character’ of water.
Read More »VIndexes developed from pH predict scaling and corrosion in water circuits
Vaccines remove or reduce risks of dangerous infections By Charles Nicolson
In 1796, Edward Jenner, who was one of the first English doctors to include planned regular examinations in treatment programmes for his patients, noticed that patients who suffered from cowpox did not appear to get sick from a far more deadly and highly infectious disease – smallpox.
Read More »Vaccines remove or reduce risks of dangerous infections By Charles Nicolson
Covid-19: The new global pandemic By Charles Nicolson
During the year of 2020 while Covid–19 was rapidly spreading out to become a worldwide pandemic, one of the effects it has on human behaviour as seen on television pictures – but not widely reported in other media – was, and still is, on the crowds of spectators at sports events.
Read More »Covid-19: The new global pandemic By Charles Nicolson
The Great Barrington Declaration
By Charles Nicolson
A new word I came across recently is ‘cognogen’ as used in the context that cognogens are infectious bad ideas which can spread rapidly throughout areas such as our currently highly-stressed pandemic environment.
Vaccines
By Charles Nicolson
Countermeasures against Covid-19 including development, manufacture and provision of an effective vaccine.
Viruses in water
By Charles Nicolson
As most of our world continues to live under the pandemic viral cloud of Covid-19, the three previous articles in ‘Getting Technical’ have looked at what viruses are, some of their properties and the effects viruses can cause when they use human body cells as hosts.